Objective: To estimate the amount of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in a given sample using complexometric titration with EDTA as the titrant. Principle: In this titration, magnesium ions (Mg2+) react with EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) to form a stable 1:1 complex. The endpoint is detected using an indicator, typically Eriochrome Black T, which changes color when all … Read more
Introduction Metal ion indicators are chemical compounds that exhibit a distinct color change when they interact with metal ions. These indicators are widely used in complexometric titrations, especially in EDTA titrations, to determine the concentration of metal ions in a solution. The color change occurs due to the formation or dissociation of a metal-indicator complex. … Read more
Introduction The rotating platinum electrode (RPE) is a working electrode used in electrochemical analysis, particularly in voltammetry and polarography. Unlike the dropping mercury electrode (DME), the RPE consists of a solid platinum disk that rotates at a controlled speed within the solution. The rotation enhances mass transport, ensuring a uniform distribution of the analyte near … Read more
Introduction The dropping mercury electrode (DME) is a specialized electrode used in polarography for both quantitative and qualitative analysis of substances. It functions by continuously releasing mercury drops into the solution from a mercury reservoir through fine capillary tubes. These tubes have a diameter ranging from 0.03 to 0.05 mm, ensuring precise drop formation. A … Read more
Introduction Polarography is an electroanalytical technique based on measuring the current-voltage (I-V) relationship in an electrolytic cell with a dropping mercury electrode (DME) or other working electrodes. Polarography was introduced by Jaroslav Heyrovský in 1922, earning him the Nobel Prize in 1959. Principle of Polarography Ilkovic Equation The Ilkovic equation expresses the diffusion current (idi_d) … Read more
Introduction Potentiometric titration is an analytical method that determines the concentration of an analyte by measuring the electrode potential during titration. Unlike color-based indicators in conventional titrations, potentiometric titrations use electrodes to detect the endpoint without requiring visual indicators. Methods to Determine the End Point of Potentiometric Titration The endpoint of a potentiometric titration is … Read more
The healthcare industry is on the brink of a technological revolution, and what better way to drive innovation than through collaboration? Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology, Greater Noida, is thrilled to announce Health-A-Thon 2.0, the ultimate Mega Health Hackathon, set to take place on March 21st – 22nd, 2025. If you’re passionate about leveraging … Read more
Introduction Indicator electrodes are a crucial part of electrochemical analysis. They generate a potential in response to the concentration of a specific ion in solution. This potential is then measured against a reference electrode to determine the ion concentration or other chemical properties of the solution. Indicator electrodes are broadly classified into: 1. Metal Electrodes … Read more
Introduction A reference electrode is an essential component in electrochemical measurements, providing a stable and well-defined potential against which the potential of other electrodes can be measured. These electrodes do not participate in the reaction but serve as a reference point to compare the working electrode’s potential. The three most commonly used reference electrodes are: … Read more
Introduction An electrochemical cell is a device that generates electrical energy from chemical reactions or uses electrical energy to drive chemical reactions. These cells are fundamental in electrochemistry and have various applications in energy storage, corrosion studies, electroplating, and industrial processes. Electrochemical cells operate based on redox (oxidation-reduction) reactions, where electrons are transferred between chemical … Read more
