Stay Ahead in Pharmacy
Introduction Errors are an inevitable part of any measurement or scientific process. They can arise due to various reasons, leading to inaccurate results and conclusions. …
Introduction Ceric Ammonium Sulfate (CAS), (NH₄)₄Ce(SO₄)₄·2H₂O, is a powerful oxidizing agent widely used in analytical chemistry, particularly in redox titrations. It serves as a reliable …
Introduction Potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) is a strong oxidizing agent widely used in analytical chemistry, water treatment, and medical applications. The preparation and standardization of KMnO₄ …
Introduction Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is a highly corrosive, strong acid widely used in chemical laboratories, industries, and analytical applications. Preparing and standardizing H₂SO₄ molar and …
Introduction Sodium thiosulfate (Na₂S₂O₃) is widely used in laboratories for iodometric titrations, water treatment, and medical applications. To ensure accurate and reproducible results, the preparation …
Preparation and Standardization of Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
Preparation and Standardization of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Molar and Normal Solutions
Introduction Oxalic acid is a widely used primary standard in volumetric analysis, particularly in acid-base and redox titrations. It is a dicarboxylic acid with the …
Introduction In chemistry, solutions are essential in numerous analytical and experimental processes. Two important classifications of solutions are primary and secondary solutions, which are frequently …
Introduction A secondary standard solution is defined as a solution whose concentration is established through the process of titration with a primary standard solution. Primary …
by 
